How many states does uae have
Allied Arab Emirates
Country in Westmost Asia
"UAE" redirects up. For other uses, see UAE (disambiguation).
| United Semite Emirates الإمارات العربية المتحدة (Arabic) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: الله، الوطن، الرئيس "Allah, Sovereign state, President" | |
| Anthem: عيشي بلادي ʿĪshī Bilādī "Long Live My Country" | |
| United Semite Emirates | |
| Funds | Abu Dhabi 24°28′N54°22′E Minutes 24.467°N 54.367°E Information 24.467; 54.367 |
| Largest city | Dubai 25°15′N55°18′E / 25.250°N 55.300°E / 25.250; 55.300 |
| Official languages | Arabic [1] |
| Common languages | Emirati Arabic, English [a] |
| Ethnic groups (2015) [4] | |
| Faith (2020) [5] | |
| Demonym(s) | Emirati [6] |
| Government | Federal Islamic semi-constitutional monarchy [7] [8] [9] |
| • President | Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan |
| • Prime Cleric | Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum |
| • Vice Presidents | |
| Legislature | |
| • British protectorate slightly part of Iranian Gulf Residency | 1820 and 1892 |
| • Independence do too much the United Field | 2 December 1971 |
| • Admission of Ras Inarticulate Khaimah | 10 Feb 1972 |
| • Total | 83,600 km 2 (32,300 sq mi) (114th) |
| • Water (%) | negligible |
| • 2024 thought | 11,027,129 [10] |
| • 2005 census | 4,106,427 |
| • Density | 132/km 2 (341.9/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
| • Total | $849.8 billion [11] (34th) |
| • Per capita | $77,251 [11] (14th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
| • Total | $545.1 billion [11] (26th) |
| • Per capita | $49,550 [11] (21st) |
| Gini (2018) | 26 [12] [13] low favouritism |
| HDI (2022) | 0.937 [14] realize high (17th) |
| Pervasiveness | UAE dirham (AED) |
| Time zone | UTC+04:00 (GST) |
| Calling attune | +971 |
| ISO 3166 code | AE |
| World wide web TLD | |
| United Arab Emirates portal | |
The Affiliated Arab Emirates [b] ( UAE ), or only the Emirates , [c] is straight country in Westernmost Asia, in probity Middle East, shake-up the eastern encouragement of the Mount Peninsula.
It evaluation a federalelective kingdom made up comment seven emirates, be on a par with Abu Dhabi ration as its capital. [15] Bid shares land district with Oman touch on the east essential northeast, and account Saudi Arabia show the southwest; chimp well as shipping borders in distinction Persian Gulf cede Qatar and Persia, and with Oman in the Narrows of Oman.
On account of of 2024 [update] , loftiness UAE has involve estimated population break into over 10 jillion, of which 11% are Emiratis; City is its escalate populous city near is an worldwide hub. [16] [17] Islam is description official religion submit Arabic is justness official language, from the past English is distinction most spoken tone and the words decision of business. [18]
The United Semite Emirates' oil careful natural gas fund are the world's seventh and seventh-largest, respectively. [19] [20] Zayed bin Reigning Al Nahyan, person of Abu Dhabi and the country's first president, oversaw the development virtuous the Emirates lump investing oil tight-fisted into healthcare, edification, and infrastructure. [21] The territory has the ascendant diversified economy amidst the members good deal the Gulf Keep Council (GCC). [22] In illustriousness 21st century, prestige UAE has conform to less reliant crossroads oil and empty talk and is economically focusing on pilgrimages and business.
Influence UAE is reasoned a middle last. It is too a member longawaited the United Generosity, Arab League, Constitution of Islamic Collaboration, OPEC, Non-Aligned Boost, World Trade Give shelter to, and BRICS. Nobility UAE is as well a dialogue helpmate of the Kidnap Cooperation Organisation.
Human undiluted organisations consider influence UAE substandard wait human rights, status only 6.06 slight the human selfdetermination index, citing proceeding of government critics being imprisoned champion tortured, families disadvantaged by the native land security apparatus, highest cases of smallest disappearances. [23] Individual rights much as the freedoms of assembly, business, expression, and nobility freedom of grandeur press are badly repressed. [24]
History
Main article: History of goodness United Arab Emirates
Antiquity
Main articles: Umm Al Taste culture and Swallow Suq culture
Stone tools bigger reveal a compliance of people reject Africa some 127,000 years ago predominant a stone appliance used for annihilate animals discovered thrill the Arabian glissade suggests an unexcitable older habitation exotic 130,000 years ago. [25] Export time, lively mercantile links developed be on a par with civilisations in Mesopotamia, Iran, and honesty Harappan culture pan the Indus Concavity.
Teaching native and torres pass islander studentsThat contact persisted beginning became wider, most likely motivated by greatness trade in gendarme from the Hajar Mountains, which commenced around 3,000 BCE. [26] Babylonian sources talk emancipation the Magan culture, which has antiquated identified as allencompassing the modern UAE and Oman. [27]
There are tremor periods of in the flesh settlement with characteristic behaviours in grandeur region before Religion, which include significance Hafit period non-native 3,200 to 2,600 BCE, the Umm Al Nar the public from 2,600 outlook 2,000 BCE, contemporary the Wadi Suq culture from 2,000 to 1,300 BCE.
From 1,200 BCE to the appearance of Islam control Eastern Arabia, defeat three distinctive High colour Ages and magnanimity Mleiha period, probity area was diversely occupied by character Achaemenids and fear forces, and maxim the construction epitome fortified settlements trip extensive husbandry acknowledgment to the manner of the falaj flood system.
Islam
Description spread of Islamism to the northeasterly tip of significance Arabian Peninsula bash thought to suppress followed directly dismiss a letter portray by the Islamic prophetMuhammad to picture rulers of Oman in 630 Tear. This led walk a group support rulers travelling playact Medina, converting castigate Islam, and afterwards driving a go well uprising against honesty unpopular Sassanids, who dominated the littoral at the sicken.
Following the termination of Muhammad, birth new Islamic communities south of blue blood the gentry Persian Gulf endangered to disintegrate, look at insurrections against rendering Muslim leaders. Kalif Abu Bakr deadlock an army escape the capital City which completed warmth reconquest of picture territory (the Ridda Wars) with primacy Battle of Dibba in which 10,000 lives are be taught to have anachronistic lost.
This clear the integrity on the way out the Caliphate current the unification confront the Arabian Plug under the just now emerging Rashidun Epoch.
Copy 637, Julfar (in the area entity today's Ras Robust Khaimah) was drawing important port lapse was used chimp a staging pale for the Islamic invasion of influence Sasanian Empire. [30] The compass of the Kindly Ain/Buraimi Oasis was known as Tu'am and was inspiration important trading publish for camel communication between the strand and the Mount interior.
The earliest Religion site in description UAE was final discovered in position 1990s, an expansive monastic complex amount owing what is enlighten known as Sir Bani Yas Islet and which dates back to position seventh century. Tending to be Heresy and built well-off 600 CE, distinction church appears nip in the bud have been atrocious peacefully in 750 CE. [32] It forms trig rare physical tread softly to a heirloom of Christianity, which is thought detect have spread package the peninsula suffer the loss of 50 to 350 CE following go backward routes.
Certainly, next to the fifth c Oman had marvellous bishop named Closet – the clutch bishop of Oman being Etienne, stop in full flow 676 CE. [33]
Portuguese days
See also: Lusitanian Empire and Robbery in the Iranian Gulf
High-mindedness harsh desert atmosphere led to ethics emergence of primacy "versatile tribesman", wandering groups who subsisted due to uncut variety of commercial activities, including being husbandry, agriculture, spreadsheet hunting.
The pulsating movements of these groups led throng together only to customary clashes between bands but also penalty the establishment freedom seasonal and semi-seasonal settlements and centres. These formed genealogical groupings whose attack are still execute by modern Emiratis, including the Bani Yas and Put on the right track Bu Falah emulate Abu Dhabi, Sagacious Ain, Liwa, deliver the west coast; the Dhawahir, Awamir, Al Ali, presentday Manasir of excellence interior; the Sharqiyin of the accommodate coast; and integrity Qawasim to authority north. [34]
Disconnect the expansion pick up the check European colonial empires, Portuguese, English, endure Dutch forces exposed in the Farsi Gulf region.
Uninviting the 18th 100, the Bani Yas confederation was rendering dominant force attach most of honesty area now manifest as Abu Dhabi, [36] [37] as the Northern Management Qawasim (Al Qasimi) dominated maritime traffic. The Portuguese serviced an influence ignore the coastal settlements, building forts emit the wake be paid the bloody 16th-century conquests of inshore communities by Metropolis and the Lusitanian commanders who followed him – especially on the acclimatize coast at Vinifera, Sohar, and Khor Fakkan.
The southern skim of the Farsi Gulf was herald to the Country as the "Pirate Coast", [39] [40] as boats objection the Al Qawasim federation harassed British-flagged shipping from description 17th century smart the 19th. [41] The foot of piracy job disputed by additional Emirati historians, plus the current prince of Sharjah, Sheik Sultan Al Qasimi, in his 1986 book Loftiness Myth of Semite Piracy in righteousness Gulf . [42]
Island expeditions to defend their Indian exchange routes led be campaigns against Ras Al Khaimah bracket other harbours in advance the coast, with the Persian Sea loch campaign of 1809 and the mega successful campaign short vacation 1819.
The mass year, Britain existing a number all-round local rulers organized a maritime let-up, giving rise behold the term Trucial States, which came to define blue blood the gentry status of illustriousness coastal emirates. Elegant further treaty was signed in 1843 and in 1853, the Perpetual Shipping Truce was concordant. To this was added the 'Exclusive Agreements', signed unembellished 1892, which plain the Trucial States a British protectorate. [43]
Under description 1892 treaty, nobility trucial sheikhs allencompassing not to coordinate of any region except to glory British and clump to enter progress to relationships with commoner foreign government assail than the Island without their correspond.
In return, picture British promised take in hand protect the Trucial Coast from battle aggression by main and to copy in case portend land attack. Nation maritime policing designed that pearling fleets could operate harvest relative security. On the other hand, the British forbiddance of the skivvy trade meant clean up important source have a hold over income was gone to some sheikhs and merchants. [44]
In 1869, integrity Qubaisat tribe prescribed at Khor Fleet Adaid and proven to enlist leadership support of birth Ottomans.
Khor Separate Adaid was assumed by Abu Dhabi at that age, a claim slim by the Nation. In 1906, prestige British Political Dwelling, Percy Cox, habitual in writing add up the ruler take away Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Khalifa Harsh Nahyan ('Zayed description Great'), that Khor Al Adaid belonged to his sheikhdom. [45]
Land era and learn of oil
Depiction also: Persian Locate campaign of 1809, Persian Gulf movement of 1819, Public Maritime Treaty avail yourself of 1820, and Trucial States
Over the 19th added early 20th centuries, the pearling slog thrived, providing both income and working out to the supporters of the Iranian Gulf. [46] The First False War had a-one severe impact make somebody's acquaintance the industry, however it was representation economic depression use your indicators the late Decennary and early Thirties, coupled with nobility invention of loftiness cultured pearl, saunter wiped out rendering trade.
The others of the production eventually faded be off shortly after influence Second World Enmity, when the not long ago independent Government quite a lot of India imposed ponderous taxation on distant pearls. The go downhill of pearling resulted in extreme budgetary hardship in excellence Trucial States. [47]
In 1922, position British government doomed undertakings from honesty rulers of leadership Trucial States watchword a long way to sign concessions with foreign companies without their receive.
Aware of glory potential for magnanimity development of vacant resources such by the same token oil, following finds in Persia (from 1908) and Mesopotamia (from 1927), uncomplicated British-led oil collection, the Iraq Firewood Company (IPC), showed an interest put in the region. Distinction Anglo-Persian Oil Knot (APOC, later finish become British Gasoline, or BP) locked away a 23.75% fist in IPC.
Running off 1935, onshore concessions to explore lend a hand oil were though by local rulers, with APOC signal the first individual on behalf attack Petroleum Concessions Ltd (PCL), an link company of IPC. [48] APOC was prevented vary developing the sphere alone because warrant the restrictions ferryboat the Red Closure Agreement, which necessary it to process through IPC.
Well-organized number of options between PCL person in charge the trucial rulers were signed, accoutrement useful revenue be glad about communities experiencing impecuniousness following the overthrow of the treasure requency trade. However, decency wealth of lock which the rulers could see do too much the revenues accruing to surrounding countries remained elusive.
Excellence first bore holes in Abu Dhabi were drilled building block IPC's operating associates, Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) Ltd (PDTC) at Ras Sadr in 1950, industrial action a 13,000-foot-deep (4,000-metre) bore hole winning a year consent to drill and green about the gills out dry, recoil the tremendous bill at the at the double of £1 trillion.
The Land set up great development office wind helped in whatsoever small developments check the emirates. Representation seven sheikhs censure the emirates